In general ovarian cysts are relatively common among women. Most ovarian cysts are harmless and require little or no treatment, disappearing on their own. Complex ovarian cysts in contrast are more uncommon and can result in serious complications and symptoms.

The more serious health risks accompanied with complex ovarian cysts are generally due to both their make up and their size. Where as a regular ovarian cyst is only filled with fluid, the complex ovarian cyst has both solid and liquid components. There are three types of complex ovarian cysts: Endometrioma, Eermoid and Cystadenomas cysts.

Endometrioma cysts, also known as "chocolate cysts" is a cyst in the ovary that is lined with endometriosis. The endometrioma cyst grows each month as a result of the endometriosis growing and shedding, this is where the "chocolate fluid" starts to accumulate and the cyst grows. This type of cyst can be devastating to a woman's reproductive function, resulting in extensive adhesion formation and damage to the fallopian tubes which is irreversible. An Endometrioma cyst can grow in size comparable with a grapefruit. Symptoms include considerable pain before and after the menstrual cycle, irregular menstrual periods, pain during intercourse and fatigue.

Demoid cysts are formed from a germ that is in the ovary; many times this germ is present at birth. These types of cysts grow very slowly and are rarely cancerous, 98% being benign. Demoid cysts often contain hair, teeth, muscle, bone, tissue and glands. As the ovarian cyst grows they can become painful, possibly twisting the ovaries or rupturing.

There are two types of Cystadenomas cysts; Serous cystadenomas, which are filled with a thin watery fluid and Musinous cystadenomas which are filled with a sticky, thick gelatinous material. Serous can grow to average of 2 to 6 inches in diameter, while the Musinous can become quite large and grow between 6 to 12 inches in diameter. Both types can cause twisting of the ovary resulting in extreme pain.

When an ovarian cyst is discovered to be of the complex type, they need to be evaluated through testing by your doctor to determine if they are cancerous. Even though not all complex ovarian cysts are cancerous, the possibility needs to be ruled out. Many times the only way to deal with complex ovarian cysts is by having them surgically removed.

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